ANEMIA IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Abstract

Anemia, defined according to World Health Organization guidelines organization shealth care decline hemoglobin level <130 g/l in men and 120 g/l in women is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The presented review touches on the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency (ID) in CHF, their impact on the course and prognosis of this condition. A definition of anemia and ID is formulated based on the assessment of various laboratory data. In particular, the diagnostic significance of determining serum iron and serum ferritin is discussed blood, transferrin saturation coefficient, total iron binding capacity of blood serum and the level of soluble transferrin receptors. The importance of determining the level of iron in the bone marrow is emphasized, although it is the “gold standard” for diagnosing ID, but is rarely used in widespread clinical practice. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of ID in CHF are covered, including lack of iron intake, the role of inflammation, erythropoietin, RAAS and the influence of certain pharmacological drugs. The article describes the main pathophysiological mechanisms of the relationship between anemia and cardiovascular diseases systems, summarizes the results of relatively recent research in this area and discusses their implications for clinical practice.